James scott ecker



2 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. S. ECKBR.

(No Model.)

FUR'NACB.

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(No Model.)

FURNAGE.

No. 486,704. Patented Nov. 22, 1892.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES SCOTT EOKER, OF PORTLAND, OREGON, ASSIGNOR OF FIVE-EIGHTHS TO JOHNS. LAIDLAW AND JAMES LAIDLAW, OF SAME PLACE.

FU RNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 486,704, dated November22, 1892.

Application tiled June 18, 1892.

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMESYSCOTT EcKER, of Portland, in the county ofMultnomah and State of Oregon, have invented a new and Improved Furnace,of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The object of the invention is to provide a newand improved furnace forsteam-boilers and for other purposes, and which is simple and durable inconstruction and arranged to utilize the fuel to the fullest advantage.

The invention consists of an air-heating chamber arranged in the rear ofthe bridgewall and connected by ports with a transverse channel formedin the bridge-wall, the said channel leading to channels in the sidewalls of the furnace. The top of the said chamber is flush at its frontwith the upper edge of bridge-wall and extends under the rear part ofthe boiler and is curved concentrically to the latter to form aradiating-channel and colnbustion-chamber.

The invention also consists of certain parts and details andcombinations of the same, as will be hereinafter described,and thenpointed out in the claim.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specilication, in which similar letters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the figures. Figure 1 is a sectional sideelevation of the improvement on the line 1 1 of Fig. 2. Fig. 2' is asectional plan view of the same on the line 2 2 of Fig. l, with one ofthe boilers removed. Fig. 3 is a transverse section of the improvementon the line 3 3 of Fig. l, parts being shown in elevation, and Fig. 4 isa transverse section of the same on the line 4 4 of Fig. 1.

As illustrated in the drawings, the furnace is built for twosteamboilers, but it may be arranged for a single boiler, or for otherdevices to be heated. The furnace proper is provided with the usualbrickwork A, in which are set the boilers B, extending l0ngitudinallyand extending near their front ends into the fire-box C, provided withthe usual grate D, ash-pit, and doors, of any approved construction.kThe rear end of the grate D connects with the bridge-wall E, in the rearof which is formed an air-chamber F, extendvWork to the other side Wall.

Serial No. 437,169. (No model.)

ing between the said bridge-wall E and the rear end A of the brickworkA, and also extending from one side Wall A2 of the brick- Into the frontend of this air-chamber F leads a series of longitudinally-arrangedports G', opening into a transverse channel G, formed in the bridgewallE, the ends of the said channel G connecting withlongitudinally-extending channels H, formed in the side walls A2 of thebrickwork A. The channels H open at their front ends to thel air, sothat the latter can pass through the channels I-I and G and ports G intothe air-chamber F. The top I of the chamber F is flush at its front endwith the top edge of the bridge-wall E and vextends to the end wall Aand the side walls A2, the under side of this top I being formed with anarch I, and an inverted arch I2 forms the top surface of the said top I,and this inverted arch I2 is concentricwith the boiler B, so as to forma segmental space J, which consists of a combustion and radiationchamber for the boiler B, as will be seen by reference to Fig. 4. Thetop E of the 'bridge-Wall E lslants upwardly and rearwardly, as shown inFig. 1, and is curved to correspond with the curved top surface or archI2 of the top I, as will be readily understood by reference to the saidFig. l. In the top I, and passing through the arches I and I2, arearranged a series of openings or ports I3, establishingcommunicationbetween the chamber F and the chamber J. It will be seenthat this top I for the chamber F is built of alarge amount of brick, soas to form a storage-chamber for the heat arising, as hereinafter morefully described. 'Suitable doors K are arranged in the rear wall A ofthe brickwork A, to give ready access to the air-chamber F in order toclean the same whenever necessary. Similar doors L are also arranged inthe said end wall A and lead to the top surface of the top I, to cleanthe combustion-chamber whenever required.

The operation is as follows: The fuel burning on the grate D in thetire-box C generates heat, which passes over the inclined curved top Eof the 'bridge-wall E, to and through the chamber J, around part of theboiler B, and this heat, consisting of smoke and gases, comes in contactand mixes with IOO the pure air passing upward through the openings I3from the air-chamber F. This additional supply of air for the smoke andgases causes combustion of the saine, so that all the smoke is consumedbefore it passes to the rear end of the boiler B and through the finesof the same to the chimney. Furthermore, the heat generated by thissecond com bustion heats the top I of the air-chamber F, so that aconsiderable amount of heat is stored in this top I, and by the peculiarconstruction of the inverted arch I2 the heat thus stored is radiatedout the boilerl through the chamber J, whereby the said boileris heateduniformly and perfectly, at the same time using the fuel to the greatestand fullest advantage.

In constructing the top I it is preferably built loosely of suitablebrick without clay or mortar, so as to allow for expansion andcontraction without injury tothe walls. As before mentioned, a largebody of brickwork thus forms the top I and has considerable storagecapacity for heat utilized, as before described.

By making the top surface of the top I concentric to the boiler B aperfect radiator is formed, so as to equalize the heat throughout theentire length of the boiler or other object to be heated, thus insuringaregular and uniform expansion and relieving the heated object of theunequal strain of expansion at one point and contraction at another,thereby securing perfect circulation of f Water in the boiler andpreventing the formation of scale or sediment therein. It will furtherbe seen that by the peculiar construction a perfect combustion-furnaceis formed, as the air is taken into the air-chamber under the heated topI through the hollow bridge-wall provided with the ports,as described.As the airis taken into the bridge-Wall channel from some point in theside walls A2 of the brickwork A, and most convenient for the firemen toregulate the amount by a suitable damper, (not shown,) the How of aircan be regulated. according to the amount of fuel used in the lire-boxC.

It will be seen that direct connection is made with the outside, so asto prevent the air from circulating through the bricks in the walls andthus becoming heated, as experience teaches that air so heated becomesdetrimental to combustion, as the oxygen has been consumed in the wallsbefore reaching the coinbustion-ohamber. 'Vith my arrangement the air inits pure state is introduced into the airchalnber under its arch top andis circulated through the openings I3 to the top inverted surface, forthe purpose previously described. As pure oxygen is contained in the airthus introduced into the combustion-chamber J, a perfect combustion willtake place with the gases coming from the fire-box C.

It is understood that the large amount of brickwork in the top of theair-chamber F and the porous nature of the brick naturally absorbs theheat and stores it until ready for use in heating the boiler. Thesurface of the perforated inverted top with air passing through openingsmakes a perfect radiator-and with the combustion of oxygen deliveredfrom the air-chamber and the gases from the gratesurface, combustion iscomplete and the result is a clean boiler and clean'fiues.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent- A furnace comprising the brickwork A, thefire-chamber C in the front end thereof, the ash-pit therebelow, thecurved bridge-Wall E, having its top E inclined upwardly and rearwardlyfrom the grate and having a transverse channel G communicating with theouter air through passages II, leading through the side walls to thefurnace-front, a chamber F between the bridge-wall and rear end of thebrickwork A and formed of brickwork with an arched top I and an invertedarched radiating-surface I2, registering at one eud with the rear edgeof the curved inclined top E', openings G', con necti ng the chamber Fand passage G, and series of vertical openings I3, leading through thetop I, substantially as set forth.

JAMES SCOTT ECKER. Witnesses:

Guo. B. RATE, MALCOLM G. SEAGER.

